Search results for "Rat brain"

Static magnetic field influence on rat brain function detected by heart rate monitoring.

2004

The aim of the present study was to identify the effects of a static magnetic field (SMF) on rat brain structures that control autonomic functions, specifically heart rate and heart rhythmicity. The experiments were carried out on 44 male Wistar rats under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. SMF was induced using samarium-cobalt fused magnets (20 x 20 x 10 mm in size) placed bitemporally. Magnetic induction intensity was 100 mT on the surface of the head. Duration of magnetic field application was 15 min. An electrocardiogram was recorded from limb lead II, and both heart rate (average duration of cardiac cycles) and heart rhythmicity were analyzed before and after SMF application. SMF evoked cha…

The isolated perfused rat brain as a model for studying drugs acting on the CNS

1974

An isolated perfused brain preparation is regarded as offering some important advantages over intact animals or tissue slices for studying drug effects on the CNS. The rat is by far the most suitable laboratory animal for this technique because of low cost, ease of preparation and extensive literature available for comparative purposes. In this paper various preparation techniques and perfusion systems for an isolated rat brain are reported. Investigations are presented proving the viability of the isolated perfused rat brain for more than seven hours and its suitability for studies on cerebral metabolism. Until now this preparation has been successfully used for pharmacological investigati…

Comparison of the effects of chloral hydrate and trichlorethanol on the EEG of the isolated perfused rat brain.

1973

An isolated perfused rat brain preparation was used to compare the effects of chloral hydrate and its metabolite trichloroethanol on the EEG. The concentrations of chloral hydrate and trichloroethanol in the perfusion medium ranged from 1.5 to 5.5 mM. 5, 10, 15, and 30 min after the beginning of the perfusions EEG-recordings were taken. The recordings were evaluated both by a descriptive method and by a simple quantitative appraoch, counting the waves with an amplitude greater than 50 microvolts and averaging this value for a period of 1 sec. The following results were obtained: Both drugs exhibited CNS depressant activity. Between 5 and 10 min of perfusion the effect of trichloroethanol wa…

Improved technique for stereotactic placement of nerve grafts between two locations inside the rat brain

2008

Peripheral nerve grafts have shown the ability to facilitate central axonal growth and regenerate the adult central nervous system. However, the detailed description of a technique for atraumatic graft placement within the brain is lacking. We present a stereotactic procedure to implant a peripheral nerve graft within a rat's brain with minimal brain tissue damage. The procedure permits a correct graft placement joining two chosen points, and the survival and integration of the graft in the host tissue with a light glial reaction, with evidence of central axonal growth inside the graft, at least up to 8 weeks after its implantation. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Mammalian glial cells in culture synthesize acetylcholine.

1997

In the present study we demonstrate that acetylcholine is synthesized by cultured mammalian glial cells identified by cell-type specific markers. Primary cultures of rat brain astrocytes or microglia contained 2.0 and 1.6 pmol acetylcholine/10(6) cells on average respectively. Astrocyte cultures established from neonatal mouse brain contained even more acetylcholine (about 80 pmol acetylcholine/10(6) cells). Primary cultures of rat brain astrocytes showed choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) enzyme activity of 3 nmol/mg protein/h; ChAT activity was blocked by 10 microM bromoacetylcholine. In conclusion, these data demonstrate the synthesis of the "neurotransmitter" acetylcholine in cultured gli…

LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE ISOENZYMES IN THE NERVOUS TISSUE?V..

1965

LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE ISOENZYMES IN THE NERVOUS TISSUE. IV. AN ONTOGENETIC STUDY ON THE RAT BRAIN.

1964

Regional distribution of high-affinity L-tryptophan uptake in rat brain

1978

Abstract L-tryptophan is accumulated by slices of seven regions of the rat brain in a saturable, energy-depending fashion, with K m -values ranging from 53 to 142 μM. The maximal number of L-tryptophan accumulating sites differs only by about two-fold for the brain regions investigated. The regional distribution of the high-affinity L-tryptophan uptake does not correlate with the amount of serotonin synaptosomal uptake and apparent receptor binding. It is assumed that a specific role of the L-tryptophan uptake system within the serotoninergic system in the brain is questionable.

CLONING OF RAT-SPECIFIC LONG PCP4/PEP19 ISOFORM (LPI)

2007

We report the identification of a cDNA that encodes a putative protein of 94 amino acids and expected molecular weight of 10.7 kDa, the C-terminal half of which is identical to that of PEP19, a small, brain-specific protein involved in Ca++/calmodulin signaling. The novel rat-specific protein, tentatively named long PEP19 isoform (LPI), is the product of alternative splicing of the rat PCP4 gene encoding PEP19. We found that antibodies raised against the first 13 N-terminal amino acids of LPI, not present in PEP19, recognize a protein enriched in the developing rat brain.

Comparative Study of the Effects Exerted by N-Valproyl-L-Phenylalanine and N-valproyl-L-tryptophan on CA1 Hippocampal Epileptiform Activity in Rat

2018

Background: The research on the improvement of epilepsy therapy is constantly growing. Valproyl-LPhenylalanine (VPA-Phen) and N-valproyl-L-tryptophan (VPA-Tryp) were synthesized to increase the antiepileptic efficacy of valproic acid. Methods: VPA-Phen and VPA-Tryp were comparatively tested on CA1 hippocampal epileptiform bursting activity obtained by increasing potassium and lowering calcium and magnesium concentrations in the fluid perfusing rat brain slices. Each slice was treated with a single concentration (0.2, 0.5, 1 mM) of VPA-Phen or VPA-Tryp. Both burst duration and interburst frequency, during and after treatment, were off-line compared with baseline values. For both parameters,…